Committee Program
TMUN 2024 will run in a hybrid format, with ten exciting in-person committees and two online committees. With offerings ranging from the classic Disarmament and International Security Committee to the new and innovative Manhattan Project Committee, there is a committee for everyone. During the registration process, delegates will be able to indicate the top three committees that they would like to participate in. While we cannot guarantee that delegates will be placed in their preferred committees, it is more likely that you will receive your preferred committee if you register earlier. To see a list of countries/characters within the different committees, please check the country matrices on the respective committee tabs.
General Assemblies and ECOSOCs
Special Political and Decolonization Committee
Social, Cultural and Humanitarian Committee
Disarmament and International Security Committee
Crisis Committees
Turkish Invasion of Cyprus 1974
Autumn of Nations: Romania 1989
Online Committees
The Special Political and Decolonization committee (SPECPOL) is the fourth committee of the United Nations General Assembly and is very crucial to maintaining peace and safety throughout the world, dealing with decolonization, review of the question of peacekeeping operations, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, and the effects of atomic radiation. In this committee, delegates will be tackling the complicated issues surrounding decolonization and addressing the welfare of Palestinian refugees.
As the age of colonialism is behind us, decolonization was and is the next step for any state that has not reached self-governance or integration with another state. As such, this can cause many issues, such as political disputes, territorial disputes, socio economic issues, and most importantly of all, affecting the livelihood of its people. The world is still very much in a grey area when it comes to decolonization, and many places’ futures are still indeterminate to this day. It is important that we come together and finally make sense of how we can properly decolonize the world and lead everyone to peace and prosperity.
The Israeli-Palestinian conflict has been an ongoing conflict since the mid-20th century, and has affected the lives of millions. As a result of violence and dispute, many people from the region have seen themselves displaced, living in refugee camps, where poverty is at an all time high and basic infrastructure is missing. With seemingly no conclusion to this conflict, it is imperative that the peoples’ needs are being met, in order for them to lead as healthy and prosperous lives as possible. It is important that we are able to provide the best solutions we can for these refugees, who have suffered for decades due to this issue.
Angola |
Azerbaijan |
Belarus |
Belgium |
Bhutan |
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
Brazil |
Bulgaria |
Canada |
Chad |
People's Republic of China |
Palestine |
Colombia |
Congo (Congo-Brazzaville) |
Croatia |
Cuba |
Czechia (Czech Republic) |
Democratic Republic of the Congo |
Denmark |
Dominican Republic |
Ecuador |
Egypt |
El Salvador |
Ethiopia |
Finland |
France |
Georgia |
Germany |
Grenada |
Guyana |
Haiti |
Hungary |
India |
Indonesia |
Iran |
Iraq |
Israel |
Italy |
Jamaica |
Japan |
Jordan |
Kazakhstan |
Kenya |
Nigeria |
Korea (DPRK) |
Panama |
South Africa |
Korea (ROK) |
Sweden |
Switzerland |
Syria |
Tunisia |
Turkey |
Ukraine |
United Arab Emirates |
United Kingdom |
United States of America |
Venezuela |
Vietnam |
Zimbabwe |
The United Nations Human Rights Council, also known as the UNHRC, was established by the General Assembly of the United Nations in 2006 and is dedicated to protecting human rights around the world, addressing violations in human rights, and establishing recommendations on how to resolve them. Comprising member states committed to upholding the principles established in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the UNHRC serves as a platform for open dialogue, critical discourse, and collaborative action on pressing human rights issues.
In an era of rapid technological advancement, the first topic of the UNHRC aims to address the ethical and human rights concerns revolving around Artificial Intelligence (AI). Delegates will develop ethical frameworks and ensure transparency and accountability in AI systems, and address the impact on human rights, privacy, and labour. With this rapidly developing field, it is important to create international guidelines that foster the responsible development and deployment of AI technologies, promoting fairness, transparency, and the protection of fundamental rights while harnessing AI's potential for positive change on a global scale.
The UNHRC will also turn its attention to the complex issue of mining practices in the Arctic region. Delegates will explore the environmental, social, and geopolitical challenges posed by increasing mining activities in this sensitive ecosystem. Discussions will revolve around sustainable resource extraction, indigenous rights, environmental protection, and international cooperation. The objective will be to formulate strategies that balance economic development with the preservation of the fragile Arctic environment, respecting the rights of indigenous communities and safeguarding the global common interests associated with this region.
Afghanistan (Islamic Emirate of) |
Algeria |
Angola |
Argentina |
Armenia |
Australia |
Austria |
Azerbaijan |
Bangladesh |
Belarus |
Belgium |
Bhutan |
Bolivia |
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
Brazil |
Bulgaria |
Burkina Faso |
Côte d'Ivoire |
Cambodia |
Canada |
Chile |
People's Republic of China |
Colombia |
Croatia |
Cuba |
Czechia (Czech Republic) |
Democratic Republic of the Congo |
Denmark |
Egypt |
Equatorial Guinea |
Ethiopia |
Finland |
France |
Georgia |
Germany |
Greece |
Hungary |
India |
Indonesia |
Iran |
Israel |
Italy |
Jamaica |
Kazakhstan |
Kuwait |
Libya |
Malaysia |
Mexico |
Myanmar |
Netherlands |
New Zealand |
Nigeria |
Korea (DPRK) |
Norway |
Pakistan |
Paraguay |
Philippines |
Portugal |
Romania |
Russia |
Rwanda |
Saudi Arabia |
Serbia |
Singapore |
South Africa |
Korea (ROK) |
South Sudan |
Spain |
Sudan |
Syria |
Tunisia |
Turkey |
United Arab Emirates |
United Kingdom |
United States of America |
Zimbabwe |
The Social, Cultural, and Humanitarian Committee, or SOCHUM, is the committee of the UN General Assembly dealing with humanitarian and social issues. In particular, SOCHUM works closely with the United Nations Human Rights Council to promote and advocate for human rights as described in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR).
The Mediterranean route is one of the popular routes used by migrants attempting to reach Europe. Migrants, typically embarking from North Africa, cross dangerous waters in hopes of landing on the shores of countries such as Spain, Italy, or Greece. These countries are often reluctant to take responsibility for any rescue and processing of migrants, and, oftentimes, the overcrowded and unsafe boats sink at sea. According to the UN, over 26,000 people have died at sea in the Mediterranean in the past decade.
Social media has revolutionized the manner in which information is created and shared, with far-reaching implications for governments and their citizens. From fuelling revolutions during the Arab Spring of 2011, to spreading alternative pandemic treatments and cures, the influence of social media can seriously threaten government authority and public order. On the other hand, social media has allowed billions of people to participate in democratic discourse and marginalized groups and causes to coalesce. Another concern is the vast amount of data collected by private companies and the threat to user privacy.
Afghanistan (Islamic Emirate of) |
Algeria |
Angola |
Argentina |
Australia |
Austria |
Bahamas |
Bangladesh |
Belgium |
Bhutan |
Bosnia and Herzegovina |
Botswana |
Brunei |
Bulgaria |
Côte d'Ivoire |
Cameroon |
Canada |
Central African Republic |
Chad |
Chile |
People's Republic of China |
Colombia |
Congo (Congo-Brazzaville) |
Cuba |
Cyprus |
Denmark |
Egypt |
Eritrea |
Ethiopia |
France |
Gambia |
Germany |
Ghana |
Guatemala |
Guinea |
Hungary |
India |
Indonesia |
Italy |
Jamaica |
Kenya |
Lebanon |
Lithuania |
Netherlands |
New Zealand |
Nigeria |
Norway |
Palestinian Authority |
Paraguay |
Philippines |
Russia |
Rwanda |
Slovenia |
Korea (ROK) |
Sri Lanka |
Syria |
United Arab Emirates |
United Kingdom |
United States of America |
Yemen |
The Disarmament and International Security Committee (DISEC) serves as a pivotal organ of the United Nations General Assembly, addressing an array of global challenges related to arms control, non-proliferation, and conflict prevention. In this committee, delegates will be discussing reducing the development and use of biological and chemical weapons, as well as the mobilization of nuclear arms in Korea.
In the realm of warfare and conflict, the specter of bioweapons and chemical weapons looms ominously, underscoring the depths to which human ingenuity can descend when harnessed for destructive purposes. These two categories of unconventional weaponry, while distinct in nature, share a common thread of utilizing toxic agents to inflict harm upon adversaries. Bioweapons harness living organisms or their byproducts to unleash diseases, while chemical weapons leverage synthetic compounds to cause incapacitation or death. As the global community grapples with the evolving landscape of warfare and security threats, the responsibilities of DISEC expand beyond mere discussions to fostering tangible actions. The urgency of the situation demands that DISEC members collaborate to formulate concrete strategies that not only prevent the further spread of these devastating tools but also hold accountable those who seek to employ them.
In the complex geopolitical landscape of the Korean Peninsula, the specter of nuclear mobilization has cast a shadow over regional stability and global security. The interplay of historical, political, and military dynamics has led to a situation where the presence and potential use of nuclear weaponry has become central to discussions and concerns surrounding this region. The intricate web of interests and tensions has elevated the urgency of comprehending the factors that have contributed to the nuclear mobilization in the Korean Peninsula. As one of the main committees of the United Nations General Assembly, DISEC plays a vital role in deliberating on strategies to mitigate tensions, promote disarmament, and secure a peaceful resolution to the ongoing crisis. The committee's historical significance, rooted in its establishment as a fundamental component of the UN in 1945, reflects the global acknowledgment of the imperative to prevent the escalation of nuclear tensions and promote lasting security measures.
Australia |
Bahrain |
Brazil |
Cambodia |
Cameroon |
Chad |
People's Republic of China |
Colombia |
Croatia |
Democratic Republic of Congo |
Korea (Democratic People's Republic of) |
Egypt |
Ethiopia |
France |
Germany |
Greece |
India |
Indonesia |
Iran |
Ireland |
Japan |
Malaysia |
Morocco |
Myanmar |
Pakistan |
Qatar |
Korea (Republic of) |
Saudi Arabia |
Singapore |
Sweden |
Syria |
Switzerland |
Thailand |
Turkey |
United Arab Emirates |
Uganda |
United Kingdom |
United States of America |
Venezuela |
Vietnam |
Yemen |
The Cyprus 1974 committee will take place during the July 1974 invasion of the island by Turkish forces. This committee will be divided between a Greek-led faction and a Turkish-led faction, with both sides battling for control of the island. The committee will be equipped with a live map with troop positions, military depots and battle zones. Live updates will be provided regularly throughout the committee and delegates are urged to think on their feet as the processions will move quite rapidly. Although delegates will sit within their factions, they are encouraged to negotiate and pass notes accordingly with their counterparts. The committee will conclude with a surrender from one side or via a peace agreement between the two sides.
In the wake of the Turkish invasion, cases of ethnic violence and human rights violations against Greek and Turkish Cypriots alike became commonplace. Given limited resources and manpower, the British and UN peacekeepers must try to maintain stability in the region, negotiating ceasefires when possible and mitigating the humanitarian effects of the war. Delegates will determine access to corridors, crucial ports and military depots, and they can also try to establish some sort of a demarcation zone.
With battle still raging between Turkish and Greek forces, the future map of Cyprus has yet to be decided. Turkish forces have successfully made landfall onto the island, but they have not yet completely conquered the island. During the committee, delegates will have the ability to command their respective troops and battle for Cyprus. If a peace deal splitting the island is reached, delegates will have to decide how to split the island between all countries involved.
Richard Nixon President of the United States |
Nikos Sampson Installed Greek President of Cyprus |
Dimitris Ioannidis Greek Army Commander |
Phaedon Gizikis Greek President |
Fahri Koruturk President of Turkey (Second in Command) |
Makarios Former Neutral President of Cyprus |
Harold Wilson Prime Minister of Great Britain |
Kurt Waldheim UN Secretary General 1974 |
Semih Sancar Turkish Army Commander |
Leonid Brezhnev General Secretary of The Communist Party of The Soviet Union |
Valery D’Estaing President of France |
Anwar El-Sadat President of Egypt |
Athanasios Sklavenitis Leader of EOKA (Greek-Cypriot Guerillas) |
Bulent Ecevit Turkish PM (First in Command) |
Mustafa Barzani Leader of Kurdish Party |
Rauf Denktas Leader of Turkish Cyprus |
Yithzak Rabin Israeli Prime Minister |
Henry Kissinger US Secretary of State |
Ezekias Papioannou Leader of AKEL (Greek-Cypriot Communist Party) |
Josip Broz Tito Leader of Yugoslavia |
“This story is a work of fiction, or rather, this world, for the most part, is a work of fiction”
- Aka Akasaka
Everyone in the world has their secrets—some more than others. Strawberry Productions LTD. (Abbreviated as StrawPro) is made up of a collection of these individuals, striving to reach the top of the entertainment industry. From actors to idols, from producers to scriptwriters, who will end up at the top and who will have all their secrets exposed?
Why do people lie? Is it to protect themselves? To make themselves feel better? Or is it to deceive others? To pass off as someone who they’re not? Perhaps the answers to these questions lie within the individual, however, one thing is for certain. Everyone lies. All in the name of success.
Step into this world of lies known as the entertainment industry, where everyone has a secret or two. Where these lies must never be found out or risk losing the support of the masses. Where each lie takes more lies to cover up, all for the purpose of earning money and getting jobs. All in the name of success.
Join us at Strawberry Productions LTD. We’re a group of these liars. We know you have your own lies but we won’t dig into it. Now, join us as we make you a star, someone who stands above everyone else. The one who lies the most. We’ll help you keep your lies, and we’ll protect you. All in the name of success.
So, are you with us? Good. Remember, if anyone finds out about these lies… So, let’s work together to keep these lies a secret, shall we?
All in the name of success.
Despite seeing initial success and having a strong lineup, StrawPro is a fairly new entry to the world of entertainment. The industry currently remains dominated by massive corporations such as Shinomiya Entertainment Corp, which utilize their vast scores of wealth in order to fund their activities. Sponsors are a viable option to fund activities on the scale of the corporations, and serve as an important lifeline for StrawPro. However, sponsors are limited so you must act fast in order to secure them.
The upper management of StrawPro has absolutely no idea what they’re doing. As such, it’s up to the members of StrawPro to decide on new projects for themselves. Full creative freedom has been granted to everyone, however, without the support of the rest of the members, it will be hard to achieve anything. Ranging from music to movies, the only limit to these projects is your creativity.
Taishi Gotanda Director |
Tetsu Urushibara Director |
Chu2 Music Producer |
Masaya Kaburagi Movie Producer |
Toshirou Kindaichi Theater Producer |
Goa Scriptwriter |
Kazuma Satou Editor |
Subaru Natsuki Editor |
Abiko Samejima Author |
Sumiaki Raida Event Coordinator/Producer |
Aqua Hoshino Actor |
Ruby Hoshino Idol |
Arima Kana Actor |
Akane Kurokawa Theater Actor |
Mem Streamer |
Yukina Minato Singer |
Sweet Macaron Virtual Idol |
Yui Singer |
Rie Takahashi Voice Actor |
Bocchi Musician |
Hatsune Miku Vocaloid |
Ayase Vocaloid/Music Producer |
The North Korean Crisis Committee (NKCC), is a new committee being unveiled at TMUN 2024. This committee runs as a single topic crisis committee, simulating politics and political figures in North Korea. The NKCC follows a modified version of the Crisis Rules of Procedure; during voting, the Supreme leader has full deciding power. However, outside of voting, the NKCC rules of procedure match standard crisis rules of procedure. Moreover, the NKCC includes non-North Korea figures who have historically worked closely with North Korea. This includes, among many other countries, Chinese and Macanese, and South Korean figures.
The North Korean Crisis Committee (NKCC) is a single topic committee at TMUN 2024. This topic commences exactly at the time of Kim Jong Il’s death, on December 17th, 2011. With the recent death of his father, Kim Jong Un takes power, becoming the Supreme Leader of North Korea. His dominance, however, has not yet been established, and political figures within North Korea are all fighting for influence within the committee. Some may even consider trying to assassinate or overthrow the new leader, and it is up to the committee to decide the future of North Korea.
Kim Jong Un |
Jang Song-thaek |
Pak Thae-song |
Choe Ryong-hae |
Kim Yong-nam |
Ri Son-gwon |
Ri Man-gon |
Kim Yong-chol |
Kim Won-hong |
Ri Yong-gil |
Kim Jong-Chul |
Kim Yo Jong |
Stanley Ho |
Ma Xiaohong |
Sun Sidong |
Pak Jong-chon |
Kwek Kon Chun |
Cha Chol Ma |
Pael Min Gwang |
The 1989 Romanian Revolution Committee is dedicated to examining a pivotal moment in history—the fall of the communist regime in Romania during the 'Autumn of Nations.' In 1989, Romania underwent a momentous shift with the downfall of Nicolae Ceaușescu's authoritarian regime. Delegates will play the roles of important figures in Romania at the time of the revolution, including leaders of the Securitate (the Security), the Party, and the revolution. This committee provides a unique opportunity for delegates to revisit a critical chapter in history when a nation's struggle for freedom and democracy reverberated across borders. Delegates will be able to collaborate to draft resolutions and policies that reflect the historical context and the aspirations of the Romanian people during this transformative era.
Elena Ceaușescu Wife of Nicolae Ceaușescu |
Ion Iliescu Leader of the National Salvation Front |
Petre Roman Political Activist |
Nicolae Militaru General |
Ion Ratiu Politician |
Laszlow Tokes Pastor & Political Activist |
Vasile Milea Minister of Defense |
Sergiu Nicolaescu Film Director |
Mircea Diaconu Actor & Political Activist |
Ion Caramitru Actor & Political Activist |
Victor Atanasie Stanculescu General |
Ion Vincze Politician |
Vladimir Colin Author |
Florea Dumitrescu Governor of the National Bank |
Corneliu Manescu Ambassador & Political Activist |
Gabriel Andreescu Political Activist |
Gheorghe Apostol Politician |
Nicolae Plesita Intelligence Officer |
Tudor Postelnicu Interior Minister |
Traian Basescu Politician |
J. Robert Oppenheimer’s resolve to create the first atomic weapon has irrevocably altered the course of history. The successful “Trinity Test” detonation has unveiled concerns about the weapon’s catalytic potential. While some fear an impending arms race, others wholly support its development and use, a sentiment fueled by one goal: ending the war. As constituents of the Manhattan Project, delegates must weigh the benefits of nuclear science against its most blaring cost – the threat of mass destruction. Will the ends justify the means?
As the world stands on a precipice after the successful detonation of the Trinity Test, a new threat looms—radioactive fallout. All across New Mexico, air, water, and land have been immutably marked by atomic energy; leaving civilians vulnerable to radiation exposure. Confronted with immediate and enduring repercussions of radioactive contamination, delegates are faced with a weighty responsibility: determining the perils to human health and the ecosystem. Amidst the unsettling possibility of intergenerational repercussions, such as adverse genetic diseases, the delicate equilibrium between public safety, secrecy, and ethical quandaries will be navigated. Delegates are inevitably tasked with the intricate challenge of determining the next course of action within the confines of the Manhattan Project.
The introduction of nuclear weapons brings forth a concern of international relations as newfound geopolitical shifts, alliances, and rivalries are expected to ensue. Spanning from negotiations at the Potsdam Conference to the anticipated onset of the Cold War, delegates will negotiate the complexities of nuclear diplomacy, arms control, and disarmament. As the test’s detonation stands not only as a scientific milestone but also the beginning of a new atomic age, delegates must consider the enduring legacy of the Trinity Test on global politics and the inexorable march of the arms race.
J. Robert Oppenheimer Scientific Director |
General Leslie Groves Military Director |
Niels Bohr Danish Physicist |
Enrico Fermi Italian Physicist |
Richard Feynman American Physicist |
Hans Bethe German-American Physicist |
Klaus Fuchs German Physicist |
Ernest Lawrence Cyclotron Inventor |
Emilio Segrè Italian-American Physicist |
Edward Teller Hungarian-American Physicist |
Leó Szilárd Hungarian-American Physicist |
Vannevar Bush Science Administrator |
Dorothy McKibbin Administrative Assistant |
General Kenneth Nichols Military Officer |
General Thomas Farrell Logistics Officer |
Louis Slotin Canadian Physicist |
Herbert L. Anderson Physicist |
James Conant American Chemist |
James Chadwick British Physicist |
Robert Serber American Theoretical Physicist |
Edward Condon Physicist and Administrator |
Samuel Goudsmit Dutch-American Physicist |
Elizabeth R. Friedman Cryptanalyst |
Want to be a reporter for a day? Write a cover story of your own? The International Press Corps is there for just that!
The International Press Corps (IPC) will function as a specialized committee that brings delegates out of debate and into writing, interviewing, and creating. Instead of the traditional Model United Nations experience, delegates will be able to interview, research, and write about happenings in other committees across TMUN. Participants will be taking on the role of various news agencies around the world instead of a specific country or individual. We invite our delegates not only to write pieces on the latest political scandals happening in real-time but also to create and distribute multimedia extensions of their journalism during the conference!
Please note that a laptop/electronic device is necessary to participate in this committee.
BBC News |
Al Jazeera |
Reuters |
Fox News |
CNN |
The Guardian |
Russia Today |
CBC |
The New York Times |
Euronews |
France 24 |
The Japan Times |
South China Morning Post |
The Onion |
In the year 2044, our collective journey begins within the confines of this virtual United Nations assembly. Humanity faces a profound crisis. This is the United Earth Government (UEG) Committee. We find ourselves on the precipice of an extraordinary situation. Our Sun, the source of life for countless millennia, is undergoing a catastrophic transformation. The core of our Sun is evolving rapidly towards a supernova, a cataclysmic event that will render our planet uninhabitable within a mere century. In response to this looming cosmic catastrophe, the United Nations has evolved into the United Earth Government (UEG), tasked with a monumental mission—to save humanity from the impending disaster. The plan is ambitious, audacious even: the Moving Mountain Project. The Moving Mountain Project envisions the construction of ten thousand colossal nuclear fusion engines. These engines hold the potential to propel Earth away from the destructive path of our Sun's expansion and towards a distant, hospitable star system. Time, however, is our most elusive adversary. In this committee, you embody the forefront of humanity's fight for survival. Your roles extend beyond conventional representation; you are the architects of our destiny. The challenges you face encompass not only scientific and logistical complexities but also the very essence of our human existence. Resource allocation, international cooperation, and ethical dilemmas will test our values and resolve. The urgency of our situation requires immediate and unwavering action. The fate of humanity rests on your shoulders. Together, you embark on a journey fraught with formidable challenges and moral quandaries. This is not a simulation; it's a race against time. Join us in the United Earth Government Committee, where the urgency of our mission is unparalleled. Your decisions and actions will determine whether humanity can defy cosmic odds and secure its place in the universe. There's no time to spare, no room for hesitation. Humanity's future hangs in the balance, and it's up to us to ensure its survival.
The League of Nations Historical Crisis Committee (LNHCC) is set to explore a singular and pivotal historical moment at TMUN 2024. Delegates will be transported to the turbulent aftermath of the remilitarization of the Rhineland, a momentous event that sent reverberations throughout the international stage during the 1930s. This narrative unfolds with Germany's audacious move to remilitarize the Rhineland, brazenly flouting international treaties and marking a critical turning point in the prelude to World War II. As participants, you will find yourselves immersed in the intricate web of diplomacy and power dynamics of this era, while contending with the vital question of how the League of Nations should respond to this blatant breach of international agreements. To ensure an immersive and authentic experience, the LNHCC will adhere to a tailored set of crisis rules of procedure, meticulously designed to capture the nuances of the League's decision-making processes during this tumultuous period. Delegates will assume the roles of eminent historical figures, encompassing diplomats, heads of state, and influential personalities from around the globe, each wielding a pivotal role in shaping the course of history during this critical juncture. The destiny of nations hangs in the balance, and it falls upon the committee to chart a path forward in the wake of the Rhineland crisis.
United States |
China |
Russia |
India |
United Kingdom |
France |
Germany |
Brazil |
Japan |
South Africa |
Canada |
Australia |
Mexico |
South Korea |
Indonesia |
Italy |
Spain |
Sweden |
When an asteroid hit the bottom of the seafloor near Africa in 2023, life on Earth was forever changed. A new world was formed, a world where the earth is completely submerged underwater. There is only one small piece of remaining land, which humanity has decided to call “Atlantis”. Most technology developed in the last few decades has sunk underwater. Food supplies are limited as agriculture has mostly died out or sunk underwater—even fish are dying out due to poisoning from nuclear wastewater, caused by the explosion of hundreds of nuclear power plants. The internet is almost completely gone, and the world as humanity knew it has ended. Worst of all, tension is brewing among the four remaining nations on Earth, and if nothing is done, it will lead to a great conflict over the scraps of what remains of the human race.